Fasting FAQs: How to Manage Hypertension during Ramadan?

Every year in the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims will perform the act of fasting starting from dawn to dusk, mainly for spiritual discipline for deep contemplation of one’s relationship with Allah, extra prayer, increased charity and generosity, and intense study of the Quran. However, it might be a bit difficult for those with hypertension to manage their fasting during the holy month. This is due to the fact that the changes in eating and sleeping patterns during Ramadan can cause fluctuations in their blood pressure reading. 

What is Hypertension? 

Hypertension, also widely known as high blood pressure happens when blood is circulated around the body at a higher-than-usual pressure for an extended period. In short, the narrower the arteries and the greater the blood pumped by the heart, the higher the blood pressure. This condition can lead to various health complications, such as heart attack, stroke, kidney failure and loss of vision if left untreated.

Hypertension in Malaysia

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 1 in 10 adults aged 25 or above worldwide is at risk of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is particularly high in several Asian countries, exceeding the global average. In Malaysia, almost one-third of the population has been reported to be hypertensive, with a rising trend in the prevalence of hypertension in adults under 30 years old (National Health and Morbidity Survey, 2019). The increasing prevalence of hypertension is a growing public health concern, given its associated complications such as stroke, congestive heart failure, aortic aneurysm, stroke, and chronic kidney diseases.

FAQs on managing hypertension during fasting

If you are reading this article and happen to be someone with hypertension or know someone that might also have a similar concern about fasting with hypertension, you might be interested to know these FAQs on managing hypertension during Ramadan fasting.

FAQ #1: Is it safe for people with hypertension to fast during Ramadan?

This might be the biggest concern for those with hypertension. Is it actually safe to perform Ramadan fasting with hypertension? The answer is yes, it is safe for someone with generally well-controlled hypertension to be able to fast safely during Ramadan. A study by American Heart Association reported that day fasting during Ramadan can actually help temporarily lower blood pressure as a  result of a metabolic change that happens after 8 to 12 hours of fasting when the body begins burning ketones rather than glycogen. However, it is highly advisable for individuals with hypertension to consult their healthcare provider to evaluate their general health condition and ascertain whether or not fasting would be a safe option for them.

FAQ #2: Should people with hypertension continue taking their blood pressure medications during Ramadan fasting?

Medication management during Ramadan can be quite tricky as those who are fasting are not permitted to take any medication either orally, nasally, or rectally during the day. This might potentially disrupt the individual’s medication regimen and affect their blood pressure control. Therefore, individuals who take daily medication are required to adjust their medication schedule during the fasting month. It is recommended that individuals who are prescribed long-term medication should consult with their doctor or pharmacist before Ramadan to learn how to properly manage their medication during fasting.

FAQ #3: How can people with hypertension manage their hydration levels during Ramadan fasting?

Individuals with hypertension should take enough fluids to avoid dehydration as it can lead to a spike in high blood pressure readings. This is because vasopressin, a hormone that plays an important role in regulating water balance in the body,  is released when blood sodium levels are high or there is low blood volume. This could lead to water reabsorption and higher blood pressure due to blood vessel constriction. The best way to manage your hydration level and make sure that your body has an adequate amount of fluids to survive the day fasting is by drinking plenty of fluids from Iftar until Suhoor. 

FAQ #4: What types of physical activity are safe for people with hypertension during Ramadan fasting?

Engaging in physical activity can have a significant impact and be beneficial in managing blood pressure. It is not necessary to engage in intense activities such as running a marathon or lifting. Rather, starting slow and incorporating more physical activity into one’s daily routine can be pretty helpful. One of the activities that can be performed by those with hypertension during Ramadan is performing the Taraweeh prayers. 

During Ramadan, Muslims perform additional prayers called Taraweeh after salatul Ishaa, varying from 8 to 20 rakaats (units of prayers) with breaks after every 4 units for chanting. Blood glucose rises after Iftar, as it is at its lowest level before the meal. The liver and muscles absorb glucose, causing an increase in blood sugar and plasma insulin, which is metabolized during Taraweeh prayers, aiding in calorie expenditure and improving flexibility, and coordination, reducing stress-related responses, and relieving anxiety and depression.

FAQ #5: How often should people with hypertension monitor their blood pressure during Ramadan fasting?

It is recommended to monitor blood pressure regularly during Ramadan, especially if you have hypertension.  Blood pressure is the force of blood against artery walls, measured in mmHg. A healthy blood pressure reading is below 120/80 mmHg. You can monitor your blood pressure at home using a home blood pressure monitor or by visiting a healthcare provider.

3 Easy Routine during Ramadan for Hypertension Management

Diet

For people with hypertension during Ramadan, it is important to maintain a healthy diet routine.

Medication 

During Ramadan, it is important for individuals who are taking medication to manage their medication properly. Managing medication for hypertension during Ramadan requires careful planning and monitoring. Patients with hypertension who are on medication should not stop taking their medication during Ramadan without consulting their doctor. In fact, a thorough discussion with the doctor should be made to discuss the timing and dosage of the medication. You may also seek advise from the doctor to adjust the dosage and medication to accommodate the change and sleeping patterns during Ramadan. 

It is also advisable to take the medication after iftar or at bedtime to avoid dehydration, as well as to lower the risk of low blood pressure.

Lifestyle

Fasting during the day of Ramadan can be very tiring and challenging. However, it should not be an excuse to completely stop being physically active during Ramadan fasting, especially for those with hypertension. Instead, plan ahead your physical activity during the time when you have the most energy. This could be before the start of the fast or after breaking the fast. It is also advisable to perform low-intensity exercises during fastings such as walking, light jogging and yoga. Do also take note to avoid exercising during the hottest part of the day as it might cause dehydration and heat exhaustion. To be safe, it is best to do the exercise indoors. If you are exercising outdoors, the recommended time to perform these activities is before noon and before breakfasting. 

Getting Professional Care this Ramadan and Hari Raya

Juggling between taking care of your loved ones with hypertension and managing the preparations for Ramadan and Hari Raya? No worries! Our Homage CarePros will get you covered.

Homage provides caregiving services for your loved ones at every stage. Our trained care professionals are able to provide companionship, nursing care, night caregiving, home therapy and more, to keep your loved ones active and engaged.

Provide the best care to your loved one today!  Fill up the form below for a free consultation with our Care Advisory team.